how to build the metadata server.

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Now the situation is that I created a VM on the OpenStack, and would like t through the cloudinit change the VM‘hostname configured as the name of this VM automatically.

But the file didn't tell me ，how to install the metadata server and send the hostname’parameter to the VM which install cloudinit.

There are multiple configurations for the metadata server, metadata delivery and metadata consumption in OpenStack. From an OpenStack deployment perspective, nova handles the metadata generation. Neutron handles the routing part in the case of the metadata being exposed through a webserver.

Cloud-init and cloudbase-init consume the metadata, using it to provision the machine. The metadata in OpenStack can be also exposed through an attached disk to the vm, the so called config drive. Make sure you have the proper metadata setup in both nova and neutron.